The United States has proposed an international coalition, with a
military component, to fight against terrorism. Many countries have
offered partial, if not full, backing and so far only four countries
are completely opposed.
An outline of countries and their willingness to participate
follows below.
Austria: Its constitution bans sending troops, but will allow
airspace to be used.
Azerbaijan: Offers intelligence assistance.
Bahrain: Supportive.
Bangladesh: One of the most populous Muslim states, has pledged
support.
Belgium: Says it's not at war, wants balanced U.S. response.
Brunei: Sent condolences to U.S.
Croatia: Support fighting terrorism, but worries about being
isolated.
Denmark: Condolences offered and will help investigation.
Ethiopia: Condemned attack on U.S.
Finland: Helping with surveillance.
France: Has reservations, wants "appropriate" attack.
Germany: No troops and warned U.S. to be balanced.
Hungary: Expressed "full solidarity" with U.S.
Israel: Backs U.S., but balks at American request to meet
Palestinian leaders. Fears if U.S. attacks Iraq, Saddam Hussein will
target Israel.
Italy: Foreign minister in Washington this week, but will not
participate.
Japan: Will help in any way, but constitution prevents military
action.
Jordan: Supportive, police will help investigation, but its
Muslim leaders opposed.
Kazakhstan: Supportive, but fears war could destabilize Muslim
region.
Kuwait: Liberated in the Gulf War, backs U.S.
Kyrgyzstan: Worried about a massive refugee exodus.
Lebanon: Condemned U.S. attacks but warned against aggressive
response.
Malaysia: Has tightened security and aided Pentagon with
intelligence, but warns violent response could increase terrorism.
Morocco: Supportive, will offer intelligence.
Mozambique: Condemned attack on U.S., but demands "balanced"
American response.
Oman: Supportive.
Pakistan: Fully supportive, will allow military base and use of
airspace, has closed border to Afghanistan. But trying to ward off a
U.S. attack by seeking terrorist Osama bin Laden's arrest.
Russia: Backs strikes on Afghanistan but no troops, says U.S.
military can take care of itself.
Saudi Arabia: Bin Laden's former home, could be U.S.'s best
source of intelligence. Will assist investigation.
Tajikistan: May offer airspace and military bases to U.S.-led
force, will consult with Russia.
Egypt: Says its too early to talk of an alliance against
"terrorism" and the United States should think twice before taking
military action that would kill civilians.
Indonesia: Deputy leader said World Trade and Pentagon attacks
may "cleanse the sins of the United States," yet president to visit
Washington tomorrow to meet Bush.
Iran: Sending positive signals, including closing border. But
may not be part of coalition. Powell wants to "explore" potential
co-operation.
Ireland: Feels a United Nations-led response warranted, but
feels attack on Afghanistan would be wrong and will not defeat
terrorism.
Kenya: Offered condolences but appealed to U.S. to show
restraint.
Palestine: Opposed Gulf War effort, but Yasser Arafat gave blood
for American victims last week. Many citizens strongly opposed.
Syria: Expressed sympathy and may help, but has long sponsored
terrorism.
United Arab Emirates: Formally recognizes Afghanistan's ruling
Taliban militia, but has expressed some support to U.S.
Afghanistan: Ruling Taliban militia has closed its airspace and
is believed to be harbouring bin Laden. Opposes strikes, warns of
regional reprisals and "holy war."
China: Warned counter strike would "aggravate terrorism and
violence."
Iraq: Opposes U.S. policy and expects to be a target.
